Abstract:

Evaluated printed and computer-based instructional materials for supporting argumentative knowledge construction, which concerns the development of knowledge structures based on reasoning processes. Five books and five teaching software products were analyzed with respect to six principles of good instruction: (1) reflexive learning, (2) multiple learning support (support of cognitive, motivational, and emotional learner characteristics), (3) orientation towards learners' strengths, (4) support of self-regulation, (5) efficient learning (optimization of novelty vs. automatization), (6) and arousal and maintenance of interest. Qualitative evaluation revealed strong deficits of all teaching materials in the areas of efficient learning and motivational support. Suggestions for a theory-based, multi-criteria enhancement of cognitive, motivational, and emotional processes relevant for learning are made.